鸟苷酸环化酶C (guanylyl cyclase C, GUCY2C)是属于受体鸟苷酸环化酶家族的一种跨膜蛋白,被大肠杆菌热稳定肠毒素(STa)、鸟苷素和尿鸟苷素激活后,将胞外信息传送至胞内,参与调节肠道功能。GUCY2C表达于原发性结直肠癌细胞中,在转移性结直肠癌细胞中GUCY2C的表达是正常肠上皮细胞的2-10倍[1],另外在有结肠癌转移的淋巴结和肝脏组织中也均有表达。此外,GUCY2C在胰腺癌、胃癌和食道癌中(占比达到60%)也有表达[2],以上信息表明GUCY2C可以作为这些疾病的靶标。
迄今为止,GUCY2C的生物学特性已在疫苗、免疫毒素及CAR-T细胞等免疫疗法中得到应用,尤其是在2020年年初辉瑞团队推出的有关GUCY2C-CD3双特异性抗体PF-0706119的临床前研究成果引起了广泛关注[3] 。
在此之前美国Sidney Kimmel癌症中心和托马斯杰斐逊大学的科研团队开发了针对结直肠癌的腺病毒载体疫苗Ad5-GUCY2C-PADRE,并完成了该疫苗针对早期结直肠癌患者的I期临床研究评估,结果显示,所有接受Ad5-GUCY2C-PADRE疫苗的患者均完成了研究,并且均未发生1级以上的不良事件,在10%的患者中检测到针对GUCY2C的抗体反应,有40%的患者表现出GUCY2C特异性T细胞应答[4]。
另外,当下热门的CAR-T细胞治疗在血液肿瘤方面取得了不错的成绩,但由于难以找到不在正常组织上表达的实体瘤靶点,CAR-T治疗在实体瘤方面面临着一定的挑战性,令人欣喜的是GUCY2C由于其肠道组织特异性可以被作为结直肠癌的肿瘤特异性抗原,托马斯杰斐逊大学的科研团队一直致力于GUCY2C CAR-T的相关研究,曾在《Cancer Immunology Research》上发表了关于以GUCY2C为靶点的CAR-T研究成果,研究结果显示,人结直肠肿瘤小鼠模型在接受CAR-T治疗后,肿瘤明显缩小,所有小鼠均存活。在进一步的肺转移结直肠癌小鼠模型实验中,接受CAR-T治疗的小鼠在100天的持续观察期内也均为存活状态,并且肿瘤无转移[5]。总而言之,以GUCY2C为靶点的肿瘤疫苗&CAR -T细胞疗法或许可以成为临床治疗具有高死亡率结直肠癌的有效手段。
hGUCY2C CAR-T细胞在肺转移模型中提供长期保护(图片来源 cancerimmunolres)
目前有关GUCY2C为靶点的各种研究正在加紧进行中,GUCY2C蛋白在其中起到了重要的作用,在开发以GUCY2C为靶点的CAR-T细胞产品过程中,GUCY2C蛋白可用来测定慢病毒包装后的滴度和CAR基因转染/转导效率,尤其CAR转染阳性率是CAR-T质量控制的必检项。同时在研发肿瘤疫苗时,检测GUCY2C的表达和疫苗免疫后体内抗GUCY2C抗体水平来评价GUCY2C的肿瘤疫苗时,GUCY2C蛋白需要作为阳性对照和ELISA检测的包被抗原。为满足市场需求,ACROBiosystems开发了由HEK293表达系统表达的多种标签的(Fc、His)的GUCY2C重组蛋白,更有FITC标记的GUCY2C蛋白加速您的药物研发。ACRO对GUCY2C蛋白纯度、活性等性能进行了验证,并可免费提供相应的Protocol。
2e5 of anti-GUCY2C CAR-293 cells were stained with 100 µL of 1 µg/mL Human GUCY2C, His Tag (Cat. No. GUC-H52H5) and negative control protein respectively, washed and then followed by PE anti-His antibody and analyzed with FACS (Routinely tested).
Immobilized Human GUCY2C, His Tag (Cat. No. GUC-H52H5) at 5 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Monoclonal Anti-Human GUCY2C Antibody, Human IgG1 with a linear range of 0.3-5 ng/mL (QC tested).
Binding activity of the Human GUCY2C, His Tag before and after FITC labeling was evaluated in the above ELISA analysis. The result shows that FITC-Labeled (Cat. No. GUC-HF2H8) and Unconjugated Human GUCY2C, His Tag (Cat. No. GUC-H52H5) have almost the same level of binding activity
参考文献:
[1] GM Pitari ,LV Zingman , DM Hodgson, et al. Bacterial enterotoxins are associated with resistance to colon cancer[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. DOI:10.1073/pnas.0434905100
[2] Park J , Schulz S , Haaf J , et al. Ectopic expression of guanylyl cyclase C in adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and stomach[J]. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 2002, 11(8):739-744.
[3] Mathur D1, Root AR2, Bugaj-Gaweda B3, et al. A Novel GUCY2C-CD3 T-Cell Engaging Bispecific Construct (PF-07062119) for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers[J]. Clin Cancer Res ,2020, DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.
[4] Snook A E , Baybutt T R , Xiang B , et al. Split tolerance permits safe Ad5-GUCY2C-PADRE vaccine-induced T-cell responses in colon cancer patients[J]. Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer, 2019, 7(1).
[5] Magee, Michael S, Abraham, Tara S, Baybutt, Trevor R, et al. Human GUCY2C-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells eliminate colorectal cancer metastases[J]. Cancer Immunology Research, DOI:10.1158/2326-6066.
扫描上面二维码在移动端打开阅读